Skip to main content
The Retirement Index

Paid-link disclosure: We may earn a commission from some provider links on this site. Rankings are based on published editorial criteria, not commission rates. This site is educational only and does not provide individualized financial, investment, tax, legal, insurance, Medicare, or Social Security advice. Read our disclosure and editorial standards.

IRS Decision Path · Beneficiary Rules · June 2026

Do I Have to Take RMD From Inherited IRA? Here's the IRS Decision Path

By The Retirement Index Editorial Team

Published Last reviewed Fact-checkedCites IRS, SEC, FINRA, CFPB

By The Retirement Index Editorial Team · · Next review: · Affiliate disclosure

Quick answer

There is not one single RMD rule that fits every inherited IRA. The IRS looks at: (1) your relationship to the original owner, (2) whether you qualify as an eligible designated beneficiary, (3) whether the original owner died before or on/after their required beginning date, and (4) whether the account is traditional or Roth. That combination determines your path.

2-minute decision path: do you have to take RMD from inherited IRA?

Start with your beneficiary type and the date of death relative to the owner's RBD. Those two facts drive most of the IRS distribution rules. If you are a spouse, you may have extra options. If you are not a spouse, the 10-year rule and RBD timing are usually the key factors.

Step 1: Are you a spouse or non-spouse beneficiary?

A spouse beneficiary has more choices than most other beneficiaries. One option may be to roll the inherited IRA into the spouse's own IRA, which changes the RMD framework. If you keep it as an inherited IRA, you stay under beneficiary rules instead.

A non-spouse beneficiary usually stays within the inherited IRA distribution rules the IRS sets for beneficiaries.

Step 2: Did the original owner die before or on/after their RBD?

The required beginning date (RBD) is the date by which the IRA owner must begin taking RMDs from their own account.

  • Owner died on/after RBD: depending on the beneficiary category and the IRS distribution option, required distributions may be due during the 10-year period, not just by the final deadline.
  • Owner died before RBD: many non-spouse beneficiaries generally follow a 10-year "empty by end of year 10" rule, but annual distributions may still be required in certain scenarios depending on the applicable IRS distribution option and beneficiary category. Don't assume year-10 automatically means no annual distributions.

Step 3: Are you an eligible designated beneficiary (EDB)?

An eligible designated beneficiary is a special category in IRS rules. Common examples include:

  • Spouse
  • Minor child
  • Disabled or chronically ill individual
  • An individual not more than 10 years younger than the IRA owner

EDB status may allow distribution options different from the standard default 10-year rule. The exact option depends on the beneficiary's category and the decedent's facts.

What the IRS actually says about the 10-year rule

The 10-year rule is a deadline, not a promise of zero annual withdrawals. In general, it means the inherited IRA must be fully distributed by the end of the 10th year after the year of death. But whether annual distributions are also required depends on the IRS distribution option that applies, including beneficiary category and whether the owner died before or on/after the RBD.

The right mental model is:

  • 10-year rule = account must be emptied by the deadline
  • Annual distributions = may still apply depending on death timing and beneficiary category

If you must take annual required minimum distributions, they are generally due by the IRS deadline for that year, often by Dec. 31, with certain first-year timing nuances. Confirm the exact due dates with your custodian and the IRS guidance for your case.

Traditional vs. Roth inherited IRA: does it change the RMD answer?

Traditional vs. Roth affects the tax treatment of withdrawals, but it does not remove inherited IRA distribution timing rules. The IRS beneficiary rules can still apply to inherited Roth IRAs, including deadlines and possible required distributions depending on the facts. Roth withdrawals may be tax-free if Roth rules are met, but tax treatment is separate from timing.

A Roth does not automatically mean "no RMDs." The IRS beneficiary guidance treats inherited Roth IRAs as still subject to beneficiary distribution timing rules.

What happens if you are a spouse?

Spouses have extra flexibility. One important option is rolling the inherited IRA into your own IRA, which can move the account into the spouse's own IRA rules instead of inherited-beneficiary rules. If you keep it inherited, the beneficiary rules still apply.

A spouse may be able to:

  • Treat the account as their own IRA
  • Keep it as an inherited IRA
  • Take distributions under different timing rules depending on the election made

If you are a spouse, the best first question is not "Do I have to take RMD?" but "Which IRS distribution method applies to the way I set up the account?"

What if I'm a non-spouse beneficiary?

Non-spouse beneficiaries usually need to focus on two things: whether the decedent died before or after RBD, and whether they are an EDB. Those two facts determine whether you are in a more flexible inherited IRA path or whether distributions during the 10-year period may still be required.

For many non-spouse beneficiaries:

  • Death before RBD: often the 10-year depletion rule applies, but annual distributions may still be required in certain scenarios depending on the applicable IRS distribution option and beneficiary category
  • Death on/after RBD: required distributions may apply during the 10-year period, depending on the IRS rule that applies

That means the answer to "do I have to take RMD from inherited IRA" is often yes, sometimes — not a simple yes or no.

How the RMD amount is generally calculated

If required distributions apply, the IRS generally uses your prior Dec. 31 balance and an IRS life expectancy factor from Publication 590-B. The beneficiary remains responsible for taking the correct amount on time, even if the custodian helps calculate it.

The calculation basics are straightforward:

  • Start with the prior Dec. 31 balance
  • Divide by the applicable IRS life expectancy factor
  • Use the factor from Publication 590-B

Custodians often provide worksheets or calculation help, but the IRS says the beneficiary remains responsible for making sure the correct distribution is taken on time.

The penalty for missing an inherited IRA RMD

Missing a required distribution can trigger a significant IRS excise tax. The IRS FAQ says the penalty is 25% of the amount not distributed by the due date, and it can be reduced to 10% if corrected within two years, subject to IRS rules.

That is why this is not something to guess on. The agency's FAQ also notes relief and waiver procedures may apply in some cases, but the safe move is to address the issue quickly.

A simple checklist before you call the custodian

Before asking the custodian what to do, gather the facts that actually control the IRS rule. Use this checklist:

  • Is the beneficiary a spouse or non-spouse?
  • Is the account traditional or Roth?
  • Did the original owner die before or on/after their RBD?
  • Does the beneficiary qualify as an EDB?
  • Was the account rolled into the spouse's own IRA, or kept inherited?

What to ask your custodian

  1. Which IRS beneficiary distribution option applies to this inherited IRA?
  2. Do I have required distributions during the period, or only a year-10 deadline?
  3. What is my exact deadline for each distribution?
  4. If a distribution amount applies, how is it calculated?
  5. Is there any documentation showing my beneficiary category or EDB status?
  6. If I take more than the required minimum, does that change next year's requirement?
Find My Retirement Path →

Free, no obligation. Understand which inherited IRA path applies to you.

Inherited IRA rules and Gold IRAs

The IRS distribution rules do not change just because the inherited IRA holds gold. The inherited IRA rules are still the IRS rules, applied the same way as a traditional financial IRA. What changes is the operational side: liquidation timing, custodian processing, and fees.

If you inherit a Gold IRA and need to take an RMD, you may need to sell metals first to generate cash. Ask the custodian about liquidation timing and processing deadlines well before any December 31 deadline approaches. Those operational steps do not get an IRS extension.

FAQ: do I have to take RMD from inherited IRA?

Do I have to take RMD from an inherited IRA?

It depends on your relationship to the original owner, whether you qualify as an eligible designated beneficiary, whether the account is traditional or Roth, and whether the owner died before or on/after their required beginning date. There is not one single RMD rule that fits everyone.

What is the required beginning date (RBD) and why does it matter?

The RBD is the date by which the IRA owner had to begin taking required minimum distributions. For inherited IRAs, whether the original owner died before or on/after their RBD is one of the key facts that determines whether you have annual RMDs, a 10-year clean-out requirement, or a different EDB option.

Does the 10-year rule mean no annual RMDs?

Not always. The 10-year rule sets the final distribution deadline, but whether annual distributions are also required depends on the IRS distribution option that applies, including beneficiary category and whether the owner died before or on/after the RBD.

What happens if I miss a required inherited IRA RMD?

The IRS penalty is generally 25% of the shortfall, and it can be reduced to 10% if corrected within two years, subject to IRS rules. Filing Form 5329 and providing an explanation are part of the correction process.

Can a spouse beneficiary avoid inherited IRA RMDs?

A spouse beneficiary may be able to roll the inherited IRA into their own IRA, which changes the RMD framework entirely. If they keep it as an inherited IRA, the beneficiary rules still apply. Spouses generally have more flexibility than non-spouse beneficiaries.